基于多目标协调的混合储能功率自适应分配方法

混合储能具有良好的功率可控特性,在孤岛微网中常被用作功率缓冲器,补偿分布式电源和负荷多变的功率潮流.围绕储能的功率响应问题,本文设计了混合储能的功率控制方案,并提出了一种基于多目标协调的子单元功率自适应分配方法.首先基于对母线功率供求平衡关系的分析,设计了主从并联型储能功率控制方案.其次利用积分器的“时空调零”特性,实现了子单元的功率自主分配;基于此,考虑了不同荷电状态（SOC）下储能最大充放电功率的差异,设计了子单元的SOC分层管理和多目标功率协调策略.仿真结果表明,所提策略实现的功率分配效果满足子单元的功率响应特性;随着超级电容SOCscn偏移加深,所提策略对SOCscn的优化能力越强,初始SOCscn为97%时能提高10.10%的优化性能,这保障了超级电容作为电压源的功率输出能力;所提策略降低了超级电容常态下的蓄电池的输出深度,蓄电池的最大功率深度降低了46.70%,这提高了蓄电池的使用寿命.

Adaptive Power Allocation Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage Based on Multi-objective Coordination

Hybrid energy storage has superior power controllability and is often used as a power buffer in island microgrids to compensate for the power output of distributed powers and loads. To address power response issues, a power control method for hybrid energy storage is proposed, and an adaptive power allocation strategy with multi-objective coordination for subunits is developed. Firstly, a master-slave parallel power control scheme is developed by analyzing the balance mechanism of bus power supply and demand. Secondly, the scheme achieved autonomous power distribution of subunits by utilizing the zeroing characteristic of the integrator. Based on this, a hierarchical management system for SOC and a power coordination method with multi-objective optimization of subunits are designed by analyzing the maximum power response of subunits under different SOCs. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method yields a power distribution effect that aligns with the power response characteristics of subunits. As the SOCscn offset increases, the proposed strategy provides a stronger optimization ability for SOCscn, as the performance can be improved by 10.1% when the initial SOCscn is 97%, which ensures that the power output capacity of the supercapacitor as a voltage source is guaranteed. The proposed strategy reduces the output strength of the battery under the normal condition of the supercapacitor as the maximum power depth of the battery is reduced by 46.7%. This improvement prolongs the service life of the battery.