渭河下游现代沉积特征及河型转化主控因素分析

现代河流沉积一直是地貌学家、沉积学家和水力学家的研究重点，目前对渭河时间尺度上河流形态变化现象的相关研究并不缺乏，但对于曲流河不同河段的河型对比及河型转化控制因素的相关研究较少，曲流河低弯度到高弯度的转化尚不清楚。因此，本文通过对渭河流域地区现代河流的Google卫星影像、实地勘察、样品采集以及相关遥感水文资料进行分析，明确了两种河型的现代沉积特征及河型转换因素，最终绘制了渭河下游河型转化模式，实现了渭河下游现代河流沉积体的岩性、沉积相类型、河型转化主控因素及沉积模式的综合研究。结果表明，渭河下游河型转化的主控因素为河床坡度、河流流量和含砂量。对进一步研究古河道变迁、沉积模式及其蕴藏的油气、地下水、矿产等资源分布有重要的指导作用。

Analysis of Modern Sedimentary Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors for River Type Transformation in the Lower Weihe River

Modern river sedimentation has always been the focus of geomorphologists, sedimentologists and hydraulics. At present, there is relevant studies on the river morphological changes on the time scale of the Wei River, but there are few relevant studies on the river pattern comparison of different reaches of the meandering river and the controlling factors of the river pattern transformation, and the transformation of the meandering river from low curvature to high curvature is still unclear. Therefore, through the analysis of Google satellite images, field investigation, sample collection and relevant remote sensing hydrological data of modern rivers in the Weihe River basin, the modern sedimentary characteristics and river pattern conversion factors of the two river types were clarified, and the river pattern transformation model of the lower Weihe River was drawn. The lithology, sedimentary facies types, main controlling factors of river transformation and sedimentary models of modern river sediments in the lower Weihe River have been comprehensively studied. The results show that the main controlling factors of river pattern transformation in the lower Weihe River are river slope, river discharge and sand content. It is important to guide the further study of paleo-channel changes, sedimentary patterns and the distribution of oil, gas, groundwater, minerals and other resources.