侧喷射流的仿生鱼表面减阻优化研究

为了研究射流孔结构参数对水下射流减阻的影响，以金枪鱼为仿生对象建立仿生鱼模型，通过模拟鲨鱼鳃在仿生鱼模型侧面添加射流孔建立了射流模型.采用数值模拟方法，分析主流场速度及射流孔的形状、高度、位置、高宽比等单因素对仿生鱼表面减阻的影响规律.通过Design-expert软件对射流孔的结构参数进行响应面多目标参数优化，进一步分析了不同射流孔的结构参数在相互作用时对仿生鱼表面减阻的影响，最终确定了在距离鱼首5 mm处添加形状为后三角形，高度为6 mm，高宽比为4的射流孔时能够达到比较理想的减阻效果，此时模型的总阻力为2.510 21 N，相应的减阻率为6.49%.本文通过深入分析射流孔结构参数的影响，为水下射流减阻技术提供了重要的理论基础和实验指导，为仿生技术在水下流体力学领域的应用拓展了新的可能性.

Optimization Study of Resistance Reduction on Bionic Fish Surface with Side Jet Flow

In order to study the effect of jet hole structure parameters on underwater jet drag reduction， this paper establishes a bionic fish model with tuna as the bionic object， and adds jet holes to the side of the bionic fish model by simulating shark gills. The effects of the velocity of the main stream field， the shape， height， position and aspect ratio of the jet hole on the surface drag reduction of the bionic fish are analyzed by numerical simulation. The response surface multi-objective parameter optimization is carried out on the structural parameters of the jet hole through Design-expert software， and the influence of the structural parameters of different jet holes on the surface drag reduction of the bionic fish is further analyzed. Finally， it is determined that the shape of the back triangle is added at the distance of 5 mm from the head of the fish， and the height is 6 mm. The ideal drag reduction effect can be achieved when the jet hole with the aspect ratio of 4 is used. In this case， the total resistance of the model is 2.510 21 N， and the corresponding drag reduction rate is 6.49%. Through in-depth analysis of the influence of jet hole structure parameters， this paper provides an important theoretical basis and experimental guidance for underwater jet drag reduction technology， and expands a new possibility for the application of bionic technology in the field of underwater fluid mechanics.