小花木兰居群繁殖生物学的初步研究

分析了小花木兰居群的繁殖生物学,对其居群结构、访花昆虫、人工授粉、繁殖体及其散布情况进行了研究.结果显示,小花木兰在群落中常处于伴生从属地位,居群结构老龄化.自然状态下,小花木兰结实率为60.0%,结籽率为13.1%;去花被处理的花朵结实率和结籽率分别下降至36.0%和7.2%;去雄自然授粉的结实率为64.0%,结籽率为11.7%;两种人工授粉的结实率分别为86.0%、84.0%,结籽率分别为27.0%和32.2%;主要访花昆虫为鞘翅目甲虫类和蜜蜂,鞘翅目甲虫的传粉效率在6.72-10.48,蜜蜂为32.58;自然状态下,单个果实出种量差异较大,变异系数为46.53,而两种人工授粉处理出种量变异系数分别为16.34,15.96.繁殖体的散布途径有:重力散布、溪流散布、动物散布.

Study on the Reprouctive Biology of Magnolia Sieboldii in Huangshan Population

The reproductive biology of Magnolia Sieboldii including population structure,the insects,pollination by manpower,as well as the ways of dispersal of seed and fruit has been observed and analyzed in this paper.The results showed that in natural conditions,age structure of M.sieboldii was not integrity and its infancy was absent.The rate of fruit set and the rate of seed set were 60.0% and 13.1% respectively in the natural conditions,36.0% and 7.2% respectively as taking out the perianth,64.0 % and 11.7% respectively if there was no stamen;in the condition of two kinds of artificiality,the rate of fruit set were 86.0% and 84.0% respectively,and the rate of seed set were 27.0% and 32.2% respectively.Four species of Coleoptera and bee were the most effective pollinators based on our observation.And the efficiency of pollination of Coleoptera was 6.72-10.48,and the efficiency of pollination of bee was 32.58;In natural conditions,seed productivity and fructification ratio of M.sieboldii were different from each other,the Cv was 46.53;and the Cv of two kinds of artificiality were 16.34 and 15.96 respectively.The ways of dispersal of seedand fruit included dispersal by gravity,dispersal by river,as well as dispersal by animals.