装配整体式钢筋混凝土空腹网架结构的设计与研究

我们研究并设计了一种新型空间平板网架结构。摒弃了传统的以钢管或型钢为材料的方法,采用装配整体式钢筋混凝土构件;打破了传统的平面静定桁架交叉组成网架体系的概念,采用了超静定空腹刚架交叉组成平板网格体系的新概念;在制造方面,采用预制厂制造小拼装单元,现场采用预应力或非预应应力拼装的新工艺,为结构标准化、定型化、厂工化提供了良好的保证。这种新型结构,还具有许多特点:造价经济,除用钢量减少外,更重要的是用普通钢筋代替价格较高的钢管与型钢;不管网架是正交正放还是正交斜放,现场拼装只有两根杆相连,使安装工序大为简化;无斜腹杆,网架空腹部份形成一良好的设备层;上弦带板,既可作屋面又可作楼面,使板架合一;无防锈蚀问题,特别是有酸、碱作用及潮湿环境的建筑,更显示其优越性;对于柱网较大(如12×12;18×18等)的多层房屋,其适应性强;结构的力学性能好(如刚度、稳定性及抗震等)。在内力分析方面,我们采用了连续化与离散化两种力学模型的各种方法。并在此基础上设计建造了三个空腹网架结构,有作楼面的也有作屋面的,实践证明,它是一种良好的结构型式。

The Design and Research of Assembled and Integral Open Web Grid Structure

A new type of space double grid structure is proposed. The material used for this new structure is the members of assembled and integral reinforced concrete, instead of the traditonal material of steel pipes or pattern steel. The concept of this new structure is the space double grid assembly by static indeterminate open web frames instead of the traditional plane static determinate trusses. The members of this new structure are small prefabricated parts which may be made in the factory, then assembled on the job site. This constructional method guarantees the standardization and prefabrication of construction. Moreover, this new structure has the following features: Economiz- ation, except for the reducing of steel consumption, the cheap reinforced steel may be used to replace the expensive steel pipes and pattern steel. No matter how the space double grid is lald, orthogonally-orthogonally or othogonally-diagonally, each Joint can connect two members. Thus, it simlifies the essembling process greatly. Having no diagonal web member, the open web parts constitute a good equipment layer The top chord member and plates are connected together, forming a roof or floor layer as well as the bearing. Anticorrosion is not necessary. It is especially advantageous for those buildings where there are acid, alkali or heavy moisture. For multi-storied buildings with layer column dis- tancs, this new structure has high adaptability. The structure has very good mechanic properties such as greater stiffness, better stability and antivibratility. For analysizing the interior force of this kind of strutures, a mech anics model of continuity and separable mechanics model are used. Three open wed grid structures are designed and constructed, with roofs and floors. They have been proved to be better than many other buildings.