施用不同肥料对土壤状况的影响

分别测定了天津郭村蔬菜地土样（主要施用农家肥）和小麦地土样（主要施用化学肥料）的pH、含水率、全氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质的含量以及微生物的数量并进行比较．结果表明，蔬菜地土样除全氮含量比小麦地土样低33．23％外，其余所测指标均比小麦地土样高——含水率高18．46％，速效磷高0．0172g／kg，速效钾高0．054g／kg，有机质高30．89％；蔬菜地中细菌、放线菌、真菌、溶磷细菌和固氮菌的数量都高于小麦地，说明施用不同肥料对土壤的理化性质、微生物数量以及溶磷细菌、固氮菌的数量有很大的影响．

Effects of different fetilizers on the properties of soils

The contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter, amounts of microorganism, pH and water ratio of the soils planting vegetable （adding farmyard manure） and wheat （adding chemical manure） in Guocun village of Tianjin are determined and compared. The results indicate that except the content of total nitrogen of vegetable soil is 33.23% lower than that of wheat soil, other indexes such as water rate, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in vegetable soil are all higher 18.46%, 0. 0172 g/kg, 0. 054 g/kg and 30. 89%, respectively, than those of in the wheat soil. So are bacteria, actinomyces, fungus, azotobacteria and phosphobacterin. Therefore, adding different kinds of manure to soils may have great effects on the properties, the microorganism amounts and the amounts of azotobacteria and phosphobacterin of the soils.