北京区域夏冬季风场、温度场的观测研究

用北京及市郊地区共14个地面气象观测站的全月数据顺序文件“D文件”提供的风场及温度资料，采用逐时月平均的方法对北京及周边地区的冬夏两季的风场，温度场特征进行了研究。研究结果表明:（1）北京区域夏季边界层风场受西北特殊地形的影响，夜间低层大气流场常表现为由北向南的下坡风，白天逐渐转为由南往北的上坡风。而在冬季，这种山地—平原的局地环流的现象消失。（2）夏季，城市西部海淀到丰台一带处在一个高温区，构成北京“热岛”的一个主要区域。而在冬季，海淀及海淀以北到丰台南部的地区是夜间的高温中心。

Observational Study of Wind Fields,Temperature Fields over Beijing Area in Summer and Winter

The wind fields and temperature fields data provided by "D files" from 14 surface observation stations around Beijing area are used to produce the mean wind fields and the mean temperature fields over Beijing area in summer and winter. Such results are gotten: (1) Due to the unique topography the wind of Beijing area during the day time is southern anabatic wind and in the night is northern katabatic wind in summer. In winter, this phenomenon disappears due to the affect of the strong synoptic systems. (2) In summer, Haidian and Fengtai lie in an area with high temperature. These areas are the main are as of the Urban Heat Island over Beijing area. In winter Haidian and the area north to Haidian are high temperature areas during the night.