地质体的三维形态分析方法与应用

针对隐伏矿体立体定量预测中复杂形态地质体的空间分析问题,利用数学形态学和欧氏距离变换理论,提出基于三维栅格模型的地质体三维形态定量分析的方法.利用开闭滤波或闭开滤波的数学形态学变换,构建地质体表面形态趋势的提取算法；将形态滤波、欧氏距离变换、全局集合运算结合起来,建立地质体形态起伏定量分析及分级提取模型；采用基于欧氏距离场的计算模型,提出地质体表面与趋势面夹角的提取方法.在建立地质体三维栅格模型的基础上,将地质体三维形态定量分析方法应用于安徽铜陵凤凰山矿田的新屋里岩体分析,实现地质控矿因素指标的定量提取.研究结果表明:采用该方法对地质体进行形态分析,可计算出地质体的各种形态参数,并提取出地质控矿因素量化指标,能有效地应用于隐伏矿体立体定量预测.

Three-dimensional morphological analysis method for geologic bodies and its application

For the spatial analysis of complex geological bodies in stereoscopic quantitative prediction of concealed ore bodies,a new method of three-dimensional morphological analysis for geologic bodies based on 3D raster model was put forward by combining mathematical morphology with Euclidean distance transformation theory.The algorithm for extracting the surface shape trend of geologic body was proposed by using open-close filter and close-open filter of mathematical morphology.By combination of morphological filtering,Euclidean distance transforming,and global set operation,the models for the quantitative analysis and hierarchical extraction of the shape undulance were established.By means of the calculation model of Euclidean distance field,an approach for extracting the angle parameter between the geologic body surface and its trend surface was acquired.After building the 3D raster models of the geologic bodies,a case study of the three-dimensional morphological analysis method was applied in analyzing quantitatively the Xinwuli magmatic body in Fenghuangshan ore field in Tongling,Anhui Province,and the quantitative extraction of the quantitative indexes of geological ore-controlling factors was achieved.The results show that the morphological analysis method for geologic bodies can be used to calculate various morphological parameters of geological bodies,to extract quantitative indexes of geologic ore-controlling factors successfully,and it plays an important role in stereoscopic quantitative predication of concealed ore bodies.