安徽花鼓灯的历史渊源、艺术特征及其传承考察

花鼓灯艺术主要盛行于安徽省境内的淮河中游地区。作为一种地方民间艺术,其艺术起源以奇异的神话传说和多样的民俗活动为开端,中经不同朝代的起源学说,却无法得到确凿定论。安徽花鼓灯艺术完整地存储了淮河流域人民独特的文化观念、审美情趣、民风民俗,艺术地再现了江淮儿女对自然、社会、神灵的敬畏与理解,体现出舞蹈上的粗犷奔放、锣鼓的欢快热烈、灯歌小戏的抒情优美等独特特征。要保护传承好这一非物质文化遗产,一要建立安徽花鼓灯艺术三位一体的保护格局,二要设立安徽花鼓灯艺术重点保护项目和传承人,三要加大安徽花鼓灯艺术的研究传播力度。唯此,安徽花鼓灯才能在多元共生的当代文化景观中显示其自身价值。

On the Historical Origin,Artistic Features and Inheritance of Anhui Flower-Drum Lantern

The ＂flower-drum lantern＂ was mainly prevalent along the banks of the Huaihe River in Anhui province. As a folk song and-dance performance, the art is derived from fantastic myths and legends, and taken shape in different dynasties. However, concerning its origin, no universal conclusion could be reached. The art completely stores the cultural values, the aesthetic tastes and the folk custom which are peculiar to the natives living along the Huaihe River. It also reflects the peoples＇ awe and understanding of the nature, the society, and the spirits. Generally speaking, it is of a unique style, which is bold and unrestrained. The drum accompaniments all express the strong local flavor which is cheerful and graceful. To protect and conserve the intangible cultural heritage, great importance should be attached to the three points. First, the ＂three-in-one＂ protection pattern of Anhui Flower-Drum lantern should be tried to establish. Second, the project and the inheritor should be assigned and protected. Third, degrees of research and propagation should be enhanced. Only in this way can the art fully display its values in the present multi-cultural landscape.