ph突变体和电离辐射在太谷核不育小麦研究中的利用

太谷核不育小麦自1972年被发现以来,人们在对它的理论研究和实际应用等各方面都开展了大量的研究工作。本文通过核不育小麦与“中国春”ph突变体杂交的方法,选育带ph突变基因的太谷核不育小麦,并以蓝粒小麦为供体,利用电离辐射方法对核不育小麦籽粒附加标记性状进行了初步探索,统计了携带Tal基因的4D染色体和控制篮胚乳性状的4E染色体在双单体情况下通过雌配子的传递频率。同时对蓝粒小麦、太谷核不育小麦、“中国春”ph突变体及杂交各代进行了细胞学观察,并在此基础上对太谷核不育小麦雄性不育性的原因以及在诱发染色体易位进行基因转移的过程中,利用ph突变体和电离辐射两种方法的特点及应用进行了研究和讨论。

The Approach of Some Problems about the Transfer of Special Genes by Using ph Mutants And Ionizing Radiation to Induce Chromosome Translocation

By crossing ph mutants with hybrid offsprings between male-sterile Taiguwheat and blue-grained wheat and treating F_I of them with ionizing radia-tion,we have obtained a line which perhaps is the Tai gene linkage toblue endosperm gene.The transmission frequencies of chromosomes 4D and 4Eare calculated,and then investigated some problems of the strility oftTaigu wheat,the possibility of marking Taigu wheat with blue-grain andnduction chromosomes translocation by using ph mutants and ionizing radiailon.