猛禽和夜鹰类的线粒体DNA序列比较和分子进化关系的研究

测定和比对了隼形目、鸮形目、夜鹰目的12SrRNA基因片段，长度为415bp．使用MEGA2．1软件构建分子系统树并分析其系统进化关系．数据显示，该基因片段的DNA序列变异丰富，转换和颠换数未随着遗传距离的增加而出现饱和现象，反映出较高真实水平的鸟类系统发育关系．重建系统进化树表明：与隼形目隼科相比，隼形目鹰科与鸮形目、夜鹰目的亲缘关系更近，提示了隼形目隼科和鹰科之间可能存在着较大的遗传变异；与夜鹰目相比，鸮形目和隼形目鹰科鸟类的亲缘关系较近，与传统分类观点相同，不支持将鸮形目和夜鹰目合并为鸮形目的观点．

Sequence Comparison of Mitochondrial DNA and Phylogenetic Evolution in Raptors and Nighthawks

The 415 basepair fragments of the mitochondrial 12SrRNA genes from raptors and nighthawks were determined and compared in this paper. Their phylogenetic relationships were assessed by MEGA 2.1 software to reconstruct phylogenedc trees. The results showed that the genetic variation of raptors and nighthawks was abundant. The Substitution patterns of 12SrRNA genes indicated that the phylogenetic relationship was truthfully reflected. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Accipitridae were closer to Strigiformes and Caprimulgiformes than to Falconidae, which suggesting that they might have great genetic variation; and that there was a farther relationship between Strigiformes and Caprimulgiformes. The result obtained did not support the view merging the Strigiformes and Caprimulgiformes into one Strigiformes.