立交桥图形指路标志视认特性研究

根据立交桥设计理论和实际应用，按照基础型、特殊型、扩展型选取了37种立交桥示意图形，采用主观问卷和静态实验方法，记录图形视认时间，运用单因素方差分析方法分析视认特性.分析结果表明37个图形平均视认时间存在明显差异，表示复杂立交的特殊型、扩展型图形的平均视认时间比表示标准单体立交的基本型图形高1.18倍，更难于视认.基本型图形中，环形匝道示意图形较定向与半定向型匝道示意图形更难视认，平均视认时间高1.31倍；右转匝道出口在前、左转匝道出口在后的立交桥更接近驾驶人的思维习惯，其图形平均视认时间更短.

Study on the Visual Cognition Characteristics of Graphic Guide Signs for Interchange

37 kinds of graphs wereselected onthetheory of integrating design and practical application. The graphs were divided into elementary type, special type and extended type. The method included using subjective questionnaire and static experimental,recording the visual cognition time of different graphs and combining with the method of one-way ANOVA. The result indicates that the visual cognition time of the 37 graphics presents substantial difference. From the classification point of view, graphs of special type and extended type indicating complex interchange are more difficult to visual cognition than those of elementary type indicating standard single interchange. The visual cognition time is 1.18times. In diagrams of elementary type, the diagrams for loop ramps are more difficult to visual cognition than those for directional ramps and semi-directional ramps. The visual cognition time is 1.31times. The form of arranging the exit of right-turn ramp ahead of the exit of left-turn ramp is more conformity to the thinking habit of drivers and the visual cognition time is shorter.