矩形汇流室水流性态模型试验研究

对水电站地下厂房尾水系统中的矩形汇流室的水流性态进行了模型试验研究，采用水面等位线描述了各种运行工况下矩形汇流室的水流流态，阐明了下游尾水位和不同机组运行工况对矩形汇流室的水头损失和水流流态的影响．试验表明，大多数工况下，尾水隧洞进口处都有较明显的颈缩现象，它直接与汇流室的体型有关，单机运行时投入２”机组运行，双机运行时采用１＃及２＃机组同时运行，或２＃及３＃机组同时运行，对减少汇流室的水头损失和改善水流流态有利。

Model Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rectangular Manifold

he flow characteristics in the rectangular collection manifold of the tailrace system of an underground power plant are studied.The flow patterns in various operating conditions are illustrated with contours of water surface.The head losses and flow regimes in the manifold are described for various operating conditions and tailrace levels. The test results indicate that there is obviously a necking phenomenon,which is directly related to the shape of the manifold at the inlet of the tailrace tunnel in most operating conditions.if only one unit operates,unit 2# is advantageous,and if double units operate,both units l# and 2# or both units 2# and 3 # are advantageous for reducing the head loss in the manifold and improving the flow state.