多井抽油中心系统及其特性分析

针对现有单井抽油机传动环节多、运动性能差、存在抽油杆无效载荷、有效载荷交变幅度大、功率和扭矩存在负值等导致低效问题,提出交变载荷多相位均匀输出思路和原理,研发多井抽油中心系统。建立系统运动和动力分析方程,推导出抽油机悬点位移、速度、加速度、减速器扭矩及电机功率计算公式,并与游梁式抽油机工作性能进行对比分析。结果表明:多井抽油中心动力性能明显优于游梁式抽油机,最大扭矩减小,载荷交变均匀化,消除了负扭矩,改善了减速器的工作条件,降低了电动机的装机功率;抽油中心系统抽采偶数丛式井时,利用油井载荷自平衡,所需动力较小,抽采奇数丛式井时需加装平衡块,设计过程中应考虑柔性传动件的使用寿命;现场试验效果良好,是一套单机驱多井正扭矩功率的节能降投资新方法和新技术。

Multi-well pumping units system and its features analysis

In the light of the problems of multi-transmission segments,poor movement performance,reactive payload of sucker rod,large fluctuating range of payload,negative power and torque of beam pumping units,a method of fluctuating payload multi-phase homogeneous outputting was designed,and a multi-well integrated pumping units system was researched.The system kinematic analysis equations were founded,and the formulas about polished rod displacement,velocity,acceleration,reducer output torque and electrical power were derived and comparative analyzed with beam pumping units.The results show that,the power performance of multi-well pumping units is better than that of beam pumping units,the maximum torque decreases,and the fluctuating payload becomes homogeneous and completely positive.Installed power is decreased and working condition is improved.As working in even number wells,necessary drive decreases by self-balancing of payload.The pumping units need to add balance piece as working in odd number wells.The life of flexible power-transmission products should be considered in design process.The field tests have a good effect and it s a new method of saving energy by driving multi-well with single motor and positive torque.