重大水利水电工程对重要水生生物的影响与调控

针对我国多个流域所面临的生物资源更替与衰退问题,阐明重大水利水电工程对河流重要水生生物的影响机理,总结流域水生态调控方法和关键技术,以期为我国流域水生态文明建设和生态保护提供相关技术支撑。主要聚焦长江等我国大型河流,评述了重大水电工程影响下四大家鱼、中华鲟等重要水生生物的生存现状与变化趋势;通过揭示重大水利水电工程建设与运行对重要水生生物生境的多种胁迫效应,分析了重要水生生物自然繁殖的可调控性与实现途径;进而结合重大水利水电工程生态调控实践,系统论述了促进重要水生生物自然繁殖的水利工程优化调控关键技术及其适用性。

Effects of large water conservancy and hydropower projects on major aquatic species and regulation

A large number of basins in China are facing problems such as the degradation of ecosystems and decline of biological resources. This paper is devoted to illustrating the influence of large water conservancy and hydropower projects on major aquatic species in rivers, and demonstrating key technologies for control and regulation, which could help to provide technical support for aquatic ecological civilization construction and ecological conservation. With focuses placed on large rivers in China, such as the Yangtze River, this paper provides a review of the current status and trends of four major Chinese carp and the Chinese sturgeon influenced by large water conservancy and hydropower projects. Based on analysis of the stress effects of these projects on the habitats of major aquatic species, the regulation potential for natural reproduction of the aquatic species as well as possible approaches are discussed. Using a large water conservancy and hydropower project as a case study, the key technologies for optimal regulation of the project in order to increase the natural reproduction of major aquatic species and the applicability of these technologies are discussed.