粘稠原油溶剂萃取改质的初步研究

本文分析了我国稠油生产的形势,指出在生产优质沥青的同时,必须尽早考虑稠油的深度加工。提出了把稠油采-输-炼统一考虑的一体化方案,进行了以C_5和iC_4馏份为溶剂的稠油超临界和近临界抽提的实验室研究。试验表明,在抽出率为52.3～65.0％时,抽出油的残炭值在2.1～4.0％之间,含镍量在6.13～13ppm,抽出油在50℃时的粘度仅为稠油的1/45～1/18。在此基础上,提出了溶剂萃取脱沥青为主体的热电联供和集输一体化的方案设计。

AN INITIAL STUDY ON CRUDE OIL UPGRADING BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION

Shanjiasi viscous crude oil in Shengli oil field was extracted by pentane and z'-butane fractions under near and/or supercritical conditions to obtain a fraction with low viscosity, low heavy metal content and low conradson carbon in a laboratory-scale continuous apparatus. The viscosity of the extract is lowered to 1/45-1/18 of the original crude when the extract yield is 52.3-65%. The extraction can be pumped by pipe line readily. Based on the experimental data, a schematic design using solvent deasphalting technology is proposed. On the basis of the demands of secondary processing and line transporting, the yields of extraction can be selected by changing the conditions. The raffinate, asphalt can be considered as a boiler fuel or as a product for sale.