重新解读美国联邦政府2018财年研发预算——基于新旧预算计算体系变化的视角

本文认为合理解读美国联邦政府2018财年研发预算的政策意涵,必须把特朗普政府重新定义研发预算计算标准纳入考察体系。在此基础上,本文从新旧预算计算体系变化体现、研发预算的部门分布变化及投入结构变化三个方面重新解读该研发预算,并从国防科技至上、私人资本进入开发研究领域及重视美国减少环境领域研发投入给中国带来的机遇三个方面总结研究启示。

Research on the U.S. Federal Government R&D Budget for Fiscal Year 2018: based on perspective of redefining in budget calculation system

This paper argues that a research on the U.S. federal government''s R&D budget policy for fiscal year 2018 ought to focus on the Trump administration''s redefinition on the R&D budget calculation criteria. On this basis, the article re-understand the R&D budget from three aspects: the change of old and new budget calculation system, the change of departmental distribution of R&D budget and the change of input structure. The enlightenment is summarized from three aspects: defense is the supremacy, private capital has entered the field of development research, and China attaches importance to the opportunity brought by the United States in reducing R&D investment in the field of environment.