自然灾害与汉武帝末年的经济衰落

历史学家习惯于以其定向的思维方式探索王朝的兴衰嬗变和人类社会的发展变迁,他们十分强调社会政治因素而很少把自然灾害作为影响历史的一个重要因子。对于武帝末年经济衰退的原因,论者都从武帝好大喜功、穷奢极欲、长期战争等方面寻找根据,本文则从自然灾害的角度出发,认为频繁严重的自然灾害也是武帝末年经济衰退的主要原因之一。

The Natural Calamities and Economic Decline in the Late Emperor Hanwu Period

The historians always study the rise and decline of dynasty and the changes of human society in the oriented thinking way. They emphasize social and political factors very much, while seldom take natural calamity as an important element which influences the history. Many scholars think that the causes of economic decline in the late Emperor Hanwu Period are his craving for greatness and success, his extreme extravagance and luxury, and long time for war. The paper holds that the frequent and serious natural calamities are also one of the main causes of the economic decline.