流域分布式水文模型SWAT空间输入数据的不确定性研究

SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)模型是一个流域尺度具有物理机制的分布式水文模型,该模型在农业非点源污染和水文模拟等方面的应用较为广泛.模型空间输入数据对流域相关特征的准确描述是模型有效模拟的前提和基础.DEM数据的精度及栅格大小、子流域划分水平、土壤与土地利用数据的精度都对模型的模拟产生一定的影响,相对于径流量来说,产沙和营养物质的模拟对这些参数更为敏感,但其参数的选择还没有公认的标准.流域内雨量站的分布和多少同样影响模拟结果,针对国内气象站点较少的情况,寻求气象数据的替代数据势在必行.表1,参42.

Study on the Uncertainty of Spatial Input Data of SWAT Model

Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a physical distributed watershed model,and has been widely used in the research of hydrology modeling and non-point source pollution. The accuracy of SWAT model depends in part on how well model input parameters describe the relevant characteristics of the watershed. The research progress and problems of how does the five spatial data parameters, the scale and size of Digital Elevation ModeK DEM), the size and number of sub watershed, the scale of soil data and Land Use and Cover Change(LUCC) data, and spatial distribution of rainfall station affect model outputs was discussed in this article. And we conclude that the scale and size of DEM, the size and number of sub watershed,and the scale of soil data and LUCC data all affect the model outputs, especially for the sand and nutriment. But there are not recognized standards for the selection of these parameters. The number and spatial distribution of rainfall station also affect the model outputs, and the research of alternative data of rainfall data must be paid more attention in order to cope with the less number of weather stations in china.