柴油机运行状态监测信息获取试验研究

探讨了柴油机在不解体的前提下，对其运行状态及工作性能进行动态监测的可能性．并对监测系统的实现进行了较为详细的讨论．指出在状态监测信息获取过程中，除了需考虑测试系统的精度外，还必须注意三方面的问题：检测参数、测量位置以及采样频率的确定．在解决这些问题的基础上，完成了多传感器动态监测系统的建立和相应的系统硬件配置．通过对供油系统正常工况与出油阀密封锥面磨损、喷油器针阀磨损、喷油器针阀卡住、喷油压力改变、供油提前角变化、供油量变化及高压油管接头处漏油等十种故障状态下燃油压力波形的监测结果分析，以及对模拟的气门故障、缸套磨损、曲柄连杆机构等故障状态下的机体外围表面振动监测结果的分析，表明该多传感器系统能有效地对柴油机运行状态及工作性能进行动态监测，并为柴油机运行状态监测与故障诊断形成集成与融合的智能诊断提供了依据．

A Experimental Study on the Performance Monitoring of a Diesel Engine in Operating State

The possibility of the performance monitoring of a diesel engine in operating state is discussed. It is pointed out that in the realization of monitoring system, the measuring precision of the system should be taken into consideration,and the monitored parameters, their measuring positions and sample frequency should also be correctly selected. Multiplex sensors are used in the monitoring system. The fuel pressure waveshapes are monitored in the normal operating state and ten fault states of oil supply system (the cone sealing surface of oil flow value being worn, the needle valve of injecting nozzle being worn, the needle valve of injecting nozzle being blocked, oil injecting pressure being changed, oil supply advance angle being changed, the quality of supplied fuel oil being changed, fuel oil leaking at the connections of high-pressure pipes, and so on).The vibration of outer surface of machine body is also monitored in simulated fault states(valve fault, cylinder liner being worn, crank connection rod mechanism fault, and so on).The analysis of these results shows that the system can effectively monitor the performance of a diesel engine in operating state, which supplies a basis for the detection and fault diagnosis of diesel engines.