河谷内外特殊生境对接骨草形态与细胞的影响

选择河谷内外广泛分布的接骨草为研究对象，探讨河谷特殊生境对植物形态与细胞的影响.（1）河谷内外分布的接骨草除棱数、侧枝数、节数、最长节间长和小叶数目无明显差异外，不孕花数目、小叶长/宽、果实颜色和托叶形状均存在显著差异；（2）河谷内外分布的接骨草上、下表皮细胞形状和垂周壁式样均呈无规则和浅波状，河谷内居群的气孔密度为（37.6±7.47）个/mm²，明显大于河谷外居群的（26.8±5.81）个/mm²，但气孔指数河谷外居群（31.38%）略高于河谷内（29.17%）；（3）河谷内外接骨草的体细胞染色体数目实为2n=36，与之前报道的染色体数目不一致.河谷内居群核型公式为2n=36=16m＋14sm＋2st＋4t，河谷外为2n=36=22m +14sm，均属于“2B”型，但核型不对称系数却相差较大，河谷内Ask=67.76%，河谷外Ask=61.97%，表明前者更为进化.

Influence of Habitat Inside and Outside Valley on Morphology and Cytology of Sambucus Chinensis

Sambucus chinensis Lindl,a large herb widely distributed  inside and outside valley in northwestern Hunan province were selected for the  exploring study on the influence of on valley special-habitat cytology  and  plant morphology.(1) Morphological comparison of Sambucus chinensis  outside valley and inside valley indicates the difference in number of unfertile flowers,long/wide of leaflets,fruit color and stipule shape,but there are no obvious differences in the number of arris,the number of lateral branches,number of pitches,length of longest internodes and number of leaflets;(2)The leaf epidermal cells are usually irregular bearing with the anticlinal walls undulate;the stomatal density of S.chinensis of inside population is obviously higher than that of the outside one,37.6±7.47 per mm2 and 26.8±5.81 per mm²,respectively;while the stomatal index of S.chinensis of outside population (31.38%) is slightly higher than that of the inside one(29.17%);(3)Mitotic chromosome numbers of S.chinensis  outside and inside valley are diploidy with 2n=36 reality,and is incompatible with previous reference.Karyotype of S.chinensis is 2B and inside population with a karyotype formula of 2n=36=16m＋14sm＋2st＋4t,and 2n=36=22m+14sm for outside population.Besides,the population inside valley appears more advanced than the outside population for their Ask values are 67.76% and 61.97%,respectively.