通用连接器模型及其形式化推导研究

基于构件的软件体系结构（SA）由构件与连接器组成，连接器作为构件间的交巨实体在SA中扮演着重要角色．现有的连接器模型只能支持特定软件体系结构风格的组装，缺乏统一的连接器模型的支持．提出一种通用连接器模型用以对不同连接器模型进行描述，并在此基础上对连接器模型进行了扩展，以支持不同体系结构风格的构件组装．同时，基于Wright的软件体系结构描述语言（ADL）和通信顺序进程（CSP）中对于进程的描述方法，给出了通用连接器模型的形式化推导、验证，从而为分析连接器行为，支持连接器自动生成奠定了基础．

A General Connector Model and Its Formal Reasoning

As software systems become more complex, the overall system structure or software architecture becomes a central design problem. Recently, software architecture has placed significant importance on components and interactions between them. The component-oriented software architecture (SA) is composed of components and connectors which play a very important role in SA. One of architecture research focus is architecture style, and now there are many architecture styles such as client-server system, layered system, blackboard organization and so on which have been used widely. Nonetheless, the existing connector models can only allow the specific SA styles, and lack a general connector model to support them. This paper abstracts the essential of different taxonomies of software connectors, and makes the connectors composed by fine-grained elements, each of which represents a single, well-defined function. And then a general connector model is presented to describe different connector types, which can also extends itself to admit different SA styles' composition. We can also put some non-functional properties such as distribution element, security element and fault-tolerance element into the general connector model. Another research focus is architectural design languages. They help the architectures' design and facilitate the designers' communication. Up to now a variety of architectural design languages such as Wright, UniCon and Rapide have been created to provide software architects with notations for specifying and reasoning about architectural designs. Moreover, an important step towards an engineering discipline of software is a formal basis for describing and analyzing the system's behaviors. Based on the Wright's research and CSP on formal specification of software architecture, this paper develops the behaviors of the general connector model and its elements, which establishes a foundation to analyze, validate, simulate composite systems and give a strong support to automatically generate.