基于车辆簇的高速公路路侧单元部署研究

RSU部署受道路环境特点、车流特性和部署成本等因素影响。本文研究单向四车道高速公路道路的RSU部署策略。为了保证部署网络可靠性并降低RSU部署成本，本研究首先基于高速公路道路环境特点和车辆特性，提出了一种改进KMeans车辆聚类算法，并从网络剩余能量、存活节点数和端到端时延三个方面与经典KMeans算法进行比较，验证结果表明，提出改进算法性能更优；然后提出本研究采用的RSU均匀部署方案；最后进行RSU部署研究：通过MATLAB软件，分析车辆密度与RSU通信半径、车辆连通率和平均车辆簇长度之间的关系，确定最佳RSU部署间隔和通信半径，从而为高速公路部署RSU提供依据。

Highway RSU Deployment Based on Vehicle Clusters

RSU deployment is affected by road environment characteristics, traffic flow characteristics and costs et al. The research object is the RSU deployment strategy of one-way four-lane highways. An improved KMeans vehicle clustering algorithm based on highway environment characteristics and vehicle characteristics is proposed to ensure the reliability of the network and reduce RSU deployment cost. In addition, compare improved KMeans clustering algorithm with the classic KMeans algorithm in three aspects: network residual energy, number of nodes alive and end-to-end delay. The results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance; Then put forward the RSU deployment scheme adopted in this research; Finally, study the RSU deployment: analyze the relationship between vehicle density, RSU communication radius, vehicle connectivity rate and RSU deployment interval through MATLAB. Obtain the best RSU deployment interval and communication radius. Thus providing a basis for highway RSU deployment.