含黄油的高脂饲料诱导高脂血症小鼠模型特征的研究

目的 建立富含牛奶制品黄油饮食诱导小鼠高脂模型，观察和分析其高脂血症的特征。方法 选择同窝雄性C57BL/6小鼠20 只，随机分成2组，每组各10 只。一组小鼠喂养普通饲粮(不含黄油)，设为对照组，另一组小鼠喂养添加黄油的高脂饲粮，设为高脂组。实验期为120 d，动态检测小鼠体质量、血脂及体脂的变化，观察肝脏组织病理学变化。结果 1)造模120 d，与对照组小鼠相比，高脂组小鼠体质量及血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)量明显增加(P<0.001)，而血清总甘油三酯(TG)量无明显差异；(2)与对照组小鼠相比，高脂组小鼠腹部脂肪及肝脏质量系数显著增加(P<0.001)；(3)高脂组小鼠肝脏出现严重的脂肪变性及炎性细胞浸润。结论 含有黄油饲料喂养形成的小鼠高脂模型出现血中总胆固醇明显改变，而总甘油三酯无明显变化的特征，提示牛奶制品黄油在饮食诱导的单纯高胆固醇血症动物模型中起着重要的作用。

Study on the Characteristics of Murine Model with Food Butter Induced Hyperlipidemia

Objective To establish a murine model with the butter induced hyperlipidemia, and to observe and analyze its characteristics. Method Twenty littermate male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 2 groups with 10 mice in each group. Mice in the control group were fed the normal diet (ND) without the butter,and the others were fed the high fat diet with butter (HFD). The experiment lasted for 120 days.The changes of body weight and blood lipid were monitored over time; Organ weight and the histopathological changes in the liver were measured at the end of the experiment. Result At day 120, (1) compared with the control group, the body weight, serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly increased in the HFD group (P<0.001), while the level of serum total triglyceride (TG) was not distinctly changed; (2) the weight coefficient of abdomen fat and liver in the HFD group was significantly increased (P<0.001); and (3) the liver of the HFD group appeared the severe fatty degeneration and inflammatory infiltration. Conclusion Hypercholesterolemia characteristics with the high TC without the change of TG in serum exist in murine model by the butter induced hyperlipidemias, suggesting that the milk butter in diet plays an important role in animal hypercholesterolemia model.