MHC单倍体型无特定病原体鸭的培育

目的 培育MHC单倍型无特定病原体单倍型鸭。方法 以国家禽类实验动物种子中心培育并保存的无特定病原体(SPF)麻鸭为基础，根据位于主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)核心区域的鸭抗原处理相关转运体分子(TAP)双拷贝基因(Tap1和Tap2)的多态性，分别利用Tap1基因组短串联重复序列(STR)、TAP2的肽结合区序列以及Tap2全基因组序列的基因型分型，连续选育主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)单倍型SPF鸭。结果 F0代和F1代鸭的STR结果完全一致；F2和F3代鸭的Tap1和Tap2基因组序列完全纯合。连续6个世代的Tap2基因组序列分析，B3群鸭有2个位点发生突变，B1、B2和B4遗传学稳定。结论 成功建立了4个MHC单倍体型SPF鸭群B1、B2、B3和B4，为深入开展鸭的免疫遗传学研究提供了实验动物支撑条件。

Optimization of Genetic Testing Technique for MHC Haploid Duck

Objective Optimization of genetic testing technique for MHC haploid duck. Method Based on the specific pathogen free (SPF) ducks nurtured and preserved in the National Poultry Laboratory Animal Seed Center and polymorphism of duck double-copy gene (Tap1 and Tap2) of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) located in the core region of major histocompatibility complex (MHC). MHC haplotype SPF ducks were selected by using Tap1 genome short tandem repeat (STR), Tap2 peptide binding region sequence and Tap2 genomic sequence genotyping, respectively. Result The STR result of F0 generation and F1 generation ducks were completely consistent. The sequences of Tap1 and Tap2 of F2 and F3 generation duck were completely homozygous. Six consecutive generation Tap2 genome sequence analysis shows that B3 group of ducks have two mutations, B1, B2 and B4 group of ducks have genetic stability. Conclusion Four MHC haploid SPF ducks B1, B2, B3 and B4 were successfully established, which provided laboratory animal support conditions for further research on immune genetics of ducks.