某型燃料电池飞机气动布局方案对比

以某型四座电动飞机为平台,进行推进系统改装燃料电池的飞机气动布局方案设计,分别形成反应堆及储氢罐均内置、反应堆内置储氢罐外挂、反应堆及储氢罐均外挂三种气动布局方案。通过计算流体力学软件进行数值仿真,从升阻特性,纵向及横航向静稳定性等方面对三种方案进行了气动特性分析。分析结果表明,反应堆及储氢罐均内置方案升阻特性最优,反应堆内置储氢罐外挂、反应堆及储氢罐均外挂方案分别会引起巡航状态阻力系数0.004及0.007量级的增大；两种采用外挂气动布局的方案其横向静稳定性相对内置布局均有所提升,纵向及航向静稳定性变化较小。对比风洞试验结果证明了仿真结果的准确性。本研究在燃料电池飞机气动布局设计方面进行了有益探索,具备一定的工程参考价值。

Comparison of aerodynamic layout schemes of a fuel cell aircraft

Based on a four-seat electric aircraft, the aerodynamic layout of the aircraft with fuel cell propulsion system was designed, and three aerodynamic layout schemes were formed respectively, including internal FC reactor and hydrogen tank scheme, internal FC reactor and external hydrogen tank scheme, external FC reactor and hydrogen tank scheme. The computational fluid dynamics software was used for numerical simulation, and the aerodynamic characteristics of the three schemes were analyzed in terms of lift and drag characteristics, longitudinal and transverse directional static stability. The analysis results show that the lift-drag characteristics of the internal reactor and hydrogen tank is the best, the cruising resistance coefficient will be increased by orders of 0.004 and 0.007 for both internal FC reactor and external hydrogen tank scheme and external FC reactor and hydrogen tank scheme respectively, the lateral static stability of the two schemes using the external layout is improved compared with that of the internal layout scheme, while the longitudinal and directional static stability changes little. Compared with the wind tunnel test results, the accuracy of the simulation results is proved. This study is beneficial to explore the aerodynamic layout design of fuel cell aircraft and has certain engineering reference value.