明清吴语“咿”类字的用法及来源

明清吴语文献中有一类读音为“咿”的“咿”类字，有“以”“夷”“伊”“亦”“咿”“”“咦”等多种写法，其意义、用法与现代汉语普通话中的“又”相同。通过对历史文献中有关吴语“又”字读音记载的分析，联系语音演变发展的规律，并结合现当代吴语区松江、上海、苏州、温州等地方言“又”的读音，可知“咿”类字其实是“又”的方言记音字。“又”“来”等上古之部某些字在现当代吴语一些地区韵母仍读i]音。

The Usage and Origin of the words that sort of Yi

In Ming and Qing dynasty, there were the words that sort of Yi（咿） in Wu dialect. The words had various written forms and their meanings and usage were the same as the word You（又） in modern mandarin. By analyzing the pronunciation of the Wu dialectal word You（又） in historic documents and linking the regular pattern of phonological evolution, we find that the sort of Yi（咿） is the recording voice of the word You（又）. It can be proved by the pronunciation of the word You（又） in Wu dialectal districts of modern times and contemporary era, such as Songjiang, Shanghai, Suzhou, Wenzhou and so on. In modern Wu dialectal areas, people pronounce the words of You（又） and Lai（来）“i”, which belong to the rhyme group of Zhi（之）.