城市环境污染的经济损失及其评估--以山城重庆为例

城市环境污染具有典型的外部性特征,如何准确计量其污染而引起的经济损失是学术界一直探讨的核心问题.本文较全面地进行了城市环境污染所引致经济损失的类别与途径分析,并运用市场价值法、疾病成本法、机会成本法、影子工程法等环境经济学的基本原理和方法,计算了山城重庆2002年城市环境污染的经济损失,约为89.95亿元,占当年该市GDP的4.57%,财政收入的37.54%,证实了中国西部部分城市环境污染经济损失较高的结论.

Economic losses and assessment of the urban environmental pollution--a case study of Chongqing

Urban environmental pollution possesses typical external characteristics. How to measure accurately the economic losses caused by pollution has been a key question into which researchers have been probing all the time. This paper has tried to classify the economic losses in this respect and to analyse urban environmental pollution in an all-round way, and, by using the basic principle and method of environmental economics, has calculated the economic losses to the GDP of 2002 caused by pollution to be 37.54% of the fiscal revenues, with the conculusion that environmental pollution in some cities in western China are causing even higher economic losses.