南海表层环流和热结构特征的数值模拟与影响因素分析

 采用普林斯顿海洋模式，在真实的地形数据、计算区域右边界上半部分设为开边界的条件下，对南中国海98°-126°E，3°S -26°N的范围进行了环流和温度结构的模拟。模拟从静止的海洋开始，以1月份的月平均温盐数据为初始场，在12个不同的月平均风场驱动下，模式稳定地模拟了4个模式年。从第3年开始进行数据分析。首先从数值模拟的角度给出了南海表层环流和热结构的时空演变过程，继而详细分析了气候和环境因素的影响。结果表明：冬季南海主要被一个大的气旋式环流占据，夏季主要呈大的反气旋式环流。春季和秋季是季风转换季节，南海环流在受到上一个季节影响的同时也向下一个季节的典型流态转换，并由多个涡旋组成。此外，气候和环境条件的设置，都会影响到南海的环流和热结构特征。

Simulation and Influence Factor Analysis of Circulation and Thermal Structure of the Surface Layer of the South China Sea

By using the Princeton Ocean Model, circulation and thermal structure of the South China Sea (SCS) in the domain 98° -126° E, 3° S-26° N are simulated on real topography data. The upper half of the right vertical boundary is set as an open boundary. The simulation starts from a motionless ocean, and average temperature and salinity data of January are used as the initial field. Driven by 12 different monthly averaged wind fields, the model runs steadily for four model years. Simulation results are recorded from the beginning of the third year. The temporal and spatial evolution of the circulation and thermal structure is analyzed. The results show that the SCS is dominated by a big cyclone type circulation in winter and by an anti cyclone type in summer. During spring and autumn the monsoon reverses direction. The circulation is influenced by the monsoon of the last season and transits to the typical circulation type of the next season. It consists of multiple vortices. Additionally, the climate and environmental conditions can influence the characteristics of the circulation and thermal structure.