应急物资储备库选址及调运模型研究综述

在应急救援任务中，应急物资储备库选址及调运过程是减少灾前和灾后损失的重要阶段，为系统了解应急物资储备库选址及调运模型研究现状，结合大量国内外参考文献，本文从应急物资选址、调运以及选址和调运联合模型三部分进行分析总结。在应急物资选址影响因素分析的基础上，围绕模型具体算法、灾情阶段、优化指标、是否关注受灾人员以及信息状态等多个维度分析了应急物资储备点选址模型中所存在的问题；将应急物资调运模型分为分阶段调运、多目标规划调运和不确定信息调运三类，并对三类模型进行了综述总结；并系统总结了应急物资选址及调运模型一体化研究。结果表明，应急物资选址及调运模型在动态性、多元化、智能化、人性化等方面的进一步研究对现实救援更具有重要作用。基于此，本文对应急物资储备库选址和调运模型的未来发展方向和研究要点进行了展望，对应急物资储备及调运体系的现代化建设具有现实指导意义。

Review on site selection and transportation model of emergency material

In the emergency rescue task, the location and transportation process of emergency material reserve is an important stage to reduce pre disaster and post disaster losses. In order to systematically understand the research status of location and transportation model of emergency material reserve, this paper analyzes and summarizes the location, transportation and joint model of location and transportation of emergency materials combined with a large number of references at home and abroad. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the location of emergency materials, the problems existing in the location model of emergency materials reserve points are analyzed from the dimensions of the model''s specific algorithm, disaster stage, optimization index, whether to pay attention to the victims and information state. The emergency material dispatching model is divided into three types: phased dispatching, multi-objective planning dispatching and uncertain information dispatching, and the three types of models are summarized. It also systematically summarizes the research on the integration of emergency material location and transportation model. The results show that the further research on the dynamic, diversified, intelligent and humanized model of emergency material location and transportation plays a more important role in practical rescue. Based on this, this paper looks forward to the future development direction and research points of emergency material reserve location and dispatching model, which has practical guiding significance for the modernization of emergency material reserve and dispatching system.