普通小麦“三系”杂交组合的测配研究

对普通小麦Ｔ，Ｋ，Ａ型同核慢质雄性不育系与不同恢复系配成１８个组合的恢复度及其Ｆ１折杂种优势和超标优势进行分析，得出了各不育系所适用的恢复系，并提出在考察Ｋ型不育系Ｆ１恢复度时采用国际法较为准确，而且不育系的易恢性同时受到细胞质和细胞核因子的双重影响。另外，通过对各组合产量构成因素的相关分析得出“三系”杂种Ｆ１的穗粒数在构成产量三因素中影响最大。

Study on the Hybrid Result Between the Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines and the Restoration

The restoring degree,average heterosis and standard heterosis of the 19 combination produced by T,K,V,A cytoplasmic A lines and five R lines were studied.The R lines which appropriate to the six A lines were selected.It also was pointed out that we should use International Method in studying the resotring degree of K type cyt oplasmic A line.The A lines' ability of being restored by the R lines was affected by the facters in both cytoplasm and nucleus.And through analyzing the yielding components of these combinations,we obtained that the grain number per spike has the highest effect in the three yielding components for the cytoplasmic male sterile lines.