DNA中性标记反映的非随机亲缘地理格局——以东亚植物物种为例

基于DNA中性分子标记的亲缘地理学研究却多获得非随机的空间遗传格局,与气候、环境因子或者表型性状具有很好的一致性,这种非随机格局是如何形成和维持的.本文以东亚植物物种为例,分析了其空间遗传格局的非随机性及其一般特点,讨论了其可能的成因.冰期避难所隔离、物种分布区变化等中性过程是目前大多研究采用的解释,然而仍有部分线索暗示可能存在自然选择导致的适应性进化.我们认为这种基于"中性"分子标记的亲缘地理研究对未来适应性进化研究具有重要的启发作用,提出可能的一般研究框架,并展望了二代测序技术在未来适应性进化研究中的作用.

Non-random genetic structure revealed by neutral molecular markers in phylogeography researches with special focus on plant species in East Asia

Phylogeography studies based on DNA neutral markers mostly obtain nonrandom spatial genetics patterns,which coincide well with spatial distribution of climate,environment factors or species traits. How do these nonrandom patterns originate and maintain? The present paper chose the East Asia plant species as examples to obtain general nonrandom patterns of these species,and to discuss the likely forces driving these patterns.Although neutral processes such as glacial refugia isolation or species range dynamics are adopted as the main explanation in most studies,there are still studies revealing clues of natural selection which may then lead to adaptation.It is believed that the current phylogeography studies with neutral markers should have key implications for future adapation researches.A general frame for future adapation researches is proposed,the utility of next-generation sequencing technologies is discussed.