堆浸过程溶质运移机理与模型

针对堆浸过程中, 溶质运移由于受各种物理、化学和外界环境等因素的影响, 使溶质的运动变得更加复杂, 并难以定量描述的问题, 将矿堆中溶液分为可流动和不可流动溶液两类, 将矿石浸出过程和浸出核收缩模型划分为3个界面, 并分析其在划分溶质运移过程中的作用. 对可流动将和不可流动溶液中溶质运移机理分别进行剖析, 并给出运移表达式. 根据质量守恒定律, 推导堆浸过程溶质运移的基本方程, 并结合溶液的分类方法, 建立堆浸可动和不可动区溶质运移模型. 分析结果表明： 溶质在不同类型溶液中的运移机理截然不同, 在不可流动溶液中, 溶质以分子扩散形式运移;在可流动溶液中, 以机械弥散和对流传质为主.

Solute transport mechanism and model of dump leaching

During dump leaching proceeding, the solute transport is very complicated and difficult to be described quantitatively because of the physical, chemical and environmental factors. The solution in the dump was divided into mobile solution and immobile solution. Based on the ore particle leaching proceeding and shrinking core leaching model, three interfaces were provided, which were very important for analysing the solute transport proceeding. The solute transport mechanisms in the mobile solution and immobile solution were different. Basic equation of the solute transport was provided based on the conservation of mass. The mobile-immobile solute transport model was improved in the solution classifying method. Result of analysis indicates that transport mechanisms of the solute in different types of solution are different. Solute in the im- mobile solution is transported in the form of molecule diffusion. The solute in the mobile solution is transported in the forms of mechanical dispersion and convection.