距离定位中的多传感器布局分析

利用目标定位的Fisher信息矩阵对采用径向距离、距离和、距离差定位的多传感器布局进行了研究.根据Fisher信息矩阵的几何特性,定义了传感器的单位球面布局,并指出决定Fisher信息矩阵特性的最直接因素是单位球面布局,而不是传感器的实际布局形式.在等测量方差假设下,分析了单位球面布局组合与拆分的关系,提出了奇异性布局的几种形式.以归一化GDOP因子最小为最优准则,讨论了某一参考坐标轴上的布局投影分布对该坐标方向定位精度的限制,并比较了三种距离定位的最优定位精度,其中,径向距离定位的最优定位精度优于其他两种距离定位方法.

Analysis of multisensor placements in range localization

The problem of multisensor placements was analyzed with the Fisher information matrixes derived from target localization by radial range, range sum and range difference, respectively. According to the geometrical property of the Fisher information matrixes, an identity spherical constellation of multisensor was defined first. It was pointed out that the identity spherical constellation was the most direct factor in determining those Fisher matrixes, rather than the practical sensor placements. Under the assumption of equal measurement variance, the combination and splitting of an identity spherical constellation are presented, and the several actual forms of singular constellation are also provided. Then, based on the normalized GDOP, the position accuracy along one certain rectangular coordinate axis limited by the distribution of constellation projection is discussed. Comparisons among the optimal position accuracy of radial range, range difference and range sum show that the precision of the radial range position is obviously superior to those of the other two.