传感数据通信协议及高并发服务的设计与实现——以微环境监测平台为例

为了满足人们对于限定区域监测的需求，解决异构数据的表示、传输以及高并发问题，分析了传统物联网平台在传感数据采集以及传输方面的不足，通过功能模块设计，开发了微环境监测平台。针对平台传感层数据采集工作，设计通信协议，统一数据格式，减少数据传输量和能耗，并制定协议通信流程，利用LoRa技术完成终端到网关之间数据的远程传输；针对平台网络层，设计高并发数据接口实现服务端程序接收并处理数据，最终完成系统的研发和测试。结果表明：设计的通信协议可以完成异构数据格式的统一工作，降低了数据传输量和能耗；验证了数据从终端采集设备到网关，并经过上位机最后到服务器整套传输方案的可行性与可靠性、低延迟性以及高并发数据接口的处理性能。微环境监测平台能够稳定运行，为跨行业物联网应用提供了一套数据采集和传输的解决方案。

Design and implementation of sensor data communication protocol and high concurrent services

In order to meet people''s needs for limited area monitoring and solve the heterogeneous data representation, transmission and high concurrency issues, the deficiency of traditional Internet platform in sensor data acquisition and transmission is analyzed, and a micro environmental monitoring platform is realized through function module design. As for sensing layer data acquisition work, the communication protocol is designed, the data format is unified to reduce the amount of data transmission and energy consumption, and the communication protocol process is determined. LoRa technology is used to complete the remote transmission of data between the terminal and the gateway. As for the platform network layer, the high concurrency data interface is designed, using the server program to receive and process data. Finally the development and testing of the system is completed. The results show that the designed communication protocol can help unifying heterogeneous data format and reducing the quantity of data transmission and energy consumption. The feasibility, reliability and low latency of the whole transmission plan of the data collected from the terminal equipment to the gateway, through the whole PC to server are verified, as well as the processing performance of the high concurrent data interface. The stable operation of the micro-environment monitoring platform proves it is a set of data collection and transmission solution for the applications of cross-industry Internet.