银杏营养生长与叶黄酮、内酯含量变化规律的研究

对银杏营养生长和叶黄酮、内酯含量变化规律进行了系统研究,结果表明:从4月4日到5月16日是叶长生长的速生期;叶宽的主要生长时期则是从4月上旬到5月中下旬;而叶面积的速生期最长,从4月初到5月底。从萌芽到5月下旬是银杏新梢加长生长的主要时期;新梢加粗生长的主要时期则是从萌芽到6月中下旬,随着生长期的延长生长速度逐渐加快,分别在5月下旬和6月中下旬达到生长高峰期,在此之后生长速度逐渐减慢直到停止。研究结果还表明银杏从萌芽到展叶期叶黄酮含量较高,即4月份叶黄酮含量出现一个高峰期,但随着叶片的逐渐生长,黄酮含量反而逐日下降,7月份是全年含量最低点,从8月份又开始逐渐上升,直到10月份达到最大;而内酯含量自春季芽萌动后呈逐渐增加趋势,在9月下旬至10月上旬其含量达到最大值。由此可以确定银杏叶的最佳采叶期应是10月份。

Study on Nutritient Growth of Ginkgo and Changing of Leaf Flavone and Inner Ester Content

This papet studied the nutritient growth of ginkgo and changing law of leaf flavone and inner ester content and it aim to provide references for ginkgo cultivation and leaf picking time.The results were as follows: it grew rapidly for leaf length from April 4 to May 16;the main growth period for leaf width was from the first ten days of April to the middle and last ten days of May;the rapid growth period for leaf area,which was from the beginning of April to the end of May,was the longest.It was the main growth period for new branches becoming long from sprouting to the last ten days of May;and the main growth period for new branches becoming thick was from sprouting to the middle and last ten days of June.With the extension of growth period,the growth speed accelerated gradually,and reach the peak in the last ten days of May and the middle and last ten days of June,respectively.The results indicated that the leaf flavone contents were relatively high from sprouting to spreading of leaves and the leaf flavone contents reach the peak in April.But with the gradual growth of leaves,the leaf flavone contents decreased day by day and reach the lowest point in July.The leaf flavone contents begin to rise gradually again since August and reach the highest point in October.The contents of inner ester increased gradually since the bud sprout in Spring,and reach the highest point between the last ten days of September and the first ten days of October.Therefore the ginkgo leaves had better be pick in October.