广义参考集DEA模型及其相关性质

由于传统数据包络分析（data envelopment analysis, DEA)方法的“评价参照系”是有效决策单元，即传统DEA方法只能获得和有效决策单元比较的信息，而实际上人们需要比较的对象不仅仅限于“优秀单元”，还可能是“一般单元”（如录取线）、“较差单元”（如可容忍的底线）或者某种特殊单元（如选定的样板、标准或某些特定对象），而传统DEA方法无法评价这些问题。为此，给出一种适用于上述所有情况的广义DEA方法，并探讨其相关性质,主要包括基本的广义参考集DEA模型和广义DEA有效性概念；广义DEA有效性含义和广义DEA有效性的判断方法；广义参考集DEA方法与传统DEA方法的区别与联系。

DEA model with generalized reference set and its properties

As the reference set in traditional data envelopment analysis(DEA) method is made of all the effective decision-making units,only the information which is compared with effective decision-making units can be gotten by using traditional DEA methods.In fact,the information which is compared with some average units(such as the enrollment mark),low units(such as the tolerable limit) or some special units(such as the selected samples,standards or some specific objects) is needed by decision-maker,while the traditional DEA method cannot provide this kind of information.For solving all above problems,a DEA model with a generalized reference set is given and its corresponding properties are discussed,which includes a basic DEA model with generalized reference set and its corresponding efficiency conception,the meaning of generalized DEA efficiency and the method for judging the generalized DEA efficiency,and the relationship between the DEA method with generali-zed reference set and the traditional method.