交叉能量矩阵在海底地震仪水平分量旋转中的应用

海底地震仪(OBS)地震数据为4个分量:1个垂直分量,2个水平分量和1个水听器.OBS采集数据为共接收点数据,即炮点沿测线移动而检波点不动,这就导致同一采集系统中道与道之间不具有一致的振幅和极化方向,从而道与道之间振幅能量不一致,这一问题的解决是通过水平分量旋转完成的.利用x,y分量构成的交叉能量矩阵求解其最大本征特征向量值,从而确定极化方向进行水平分量旋转.通过实际OBS数据应用得到了很好的应用效果,且计算速度快,缩短了处理周期.

Application of cross energy matrix in the rotation of two horizontal components of ocean bottom seismograph

In recent years,the ocean bottom seismograph(OBS)prospecting technique quickly develops and is continuously perfected.The ocean bottom seismograph is effective in detecting marine natural gas hydrate ocean bottom seismograph.The seismic data of the ocean bottom seismograph has four components:one vertical component,two horizontal components(all above three components are perpendicular to each other)and one hydrophone.The data gathered by ocean bottom seismograph is common receiver data,that is,shot-point moves along survey line and receiver point does not move.So there are different amplitude and different polarization direction of traces in the same shot line,which makes the amplitude energy is instable.The problem can be solved by the rotation of the horizontal components.The value of maximum intrinsic eigen-vector can be obtained using the cross energy matrix composed of X,Y components.The polarization direction of X,Y could be gained by the vector.Then the rotation of X,Y is carried out in.The rotation result of the real OBS seismic data of an example is very good,and the calculation speed shortens the processing time of the method.