新型无卤阻燃聚丙烯的制备以及性能研究

将多聚磷酸铵（APP）、季戊四醇（PER）、三聚氰胺（MEL）及有机化蒙脱土（OMMT）于160oC下预混，制备了新型膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）.以聚丙烯（PP）为基材，IFR为阻燃剂，聚苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯（SBS）为增韧剂，马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP-g－MAH）为增容剂，通过熔融挤出制备了新型阻燃PP（FRPP）.通过LOI、TGA、XRD、SEM对材料的阻燃性、热稳定性、结晶性、冲击断面形貌进行了分析，并对材料的力学性能进行了测试.结果表明:加入IFR后，PP的极限氧指数由17升为28.5，起始分解温度由纯PP的440.8℃升高到455.3℃，600℃的成炭率提高15.26％；IFR诱导PP形成一定量晶型；少量OMMT在基体中以剥离形式存在，使晶粒尺寸得到细化，同时起到协同阻燃和增容作用，使材料在保持拉伸强度基本不变的情况下，缺口冲击强度提高1.92倍，冲击断面表现为韧性断裂.

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF NEW INTUMESCENT FLAME RETARDANT POLYPROPYLENE

In the present study, a kind of FRPP was prepared by melt extrusion from PP, with PP-g- MAH as compatibilizer, SBS as toughener, and a new kind of IFR, which was prepared by mixing APP、PER、MEL and OMMT at 160oC. Some properties of this new FRPP were tested by LOI, TGA, XRD and SEM methods, such properties included flame retardant, thermal stability, crystallinity, surface status of impact section, and mechanical properties. The results showed that, compared to pure PP, the LOI of FRPP increased from 17 to 28.5, the initial decomposition temperature raised to 455.2℃ from 440.8℃, and the char residue was improved by 15.26% at 600℃. Adding IFR to PP could induce the proportion of -crystal. A small amount of OMMT existed as exfoliated structure in the PP matrix and thus refined the crystals size. Exist of OMMT was also propitious to fire-retardant and compatibility, and thus to improve the impact strength by 1.92 times, at the maintain of tensile strength, The fractography exhibited a ductile fracture.