企业集群形成机理的进化博弈分析

企业集群的形成机理一直是企业集群理论研究和实践中最受重视和值得关注的问题之一。企业集群的形成实质上是一个网络外部化的过程,而其形成过程本质上类似于有限理性下复制动态进化博弈。并在此基础上建立了企业集群形成的进化博弈模型,由此得出企业集群形成的机理:当某个区位具有较强的网络外部化效应时,在其作用下,企业通过学习、调整和模仿会相继进入该区位,则该区位比较容易形成企业集群;如果某个区位具有较弱的网络外部化效应时,只有在区位已有的企业不设防下,随着进入区位的企业数量增加,或者依靠外部力量,特别是政府的政策作用,使得该区位的网络外部化效应增大时,该区位才能逐渐形成为企业集群。

Evolutionary Game Analysis to Formation Mechanism of Enterprise Clusters on Network Externality

Forming mechanism and reason of enterprise clusters is of importance and worth paying attention to in theory research and practice of enterprise clusters. This paper points out that forming of enterprise clusters is a virtually network externality process, the process essentially is similar to replicate dynamic evolution game based on finite sense. Moreover, the paper founds evolution game model of enterprise clusters forming. Accordingly forming mechanism of enterprise clusters is the district more easily to be formed enterprise clusters on the district having stronger network externality, and if the district having weaker network externality, no other than enterprises in the district no beating toward will enter enterprises, along with entering enterprise number increasing, or relying on exterior force, especially be governmental policy action, so as to network externality of the district augmenting, the enterprise clusters grows up in that district.