洪泛区湿地水面积遥感监测新方法研究--以向海自然保护区为例

洪泛区湿地不仅具有区域洪水调蓄的生态功能,而且为各类珍稀濒危水禽提供重要的栖息生境.因此,如何能够突破传统的观测手段,运用更新、更快、更准确的手段,对洪泛区湿地水面积进行测算,从而为决策者制定相应的政策提供科学的依据成为当前湿地监测方法研究的一个重点.利用美国陆地卫星影像(Landsat-TM)数据,通过建立一种简单有效的湿地水面积信息提取指数,提取了霍林河下游洪泛区湿地的水面分布信息.结合地面常规观测获取的向海水库的水面积,验证了该指数的可靠性.结果显示了该指数在湿地水面积定量测算中的技术优势,为洪泛区湿地水资源的监测评价与可持续利用,以及湿地水禽生境的管理和保护,提供了更可靠的技术保证.

Study on a remote sensing approach monitoring the water area of floodplain wetland:a case study of Xianghai Nature Reserve

Floodplain wetland not only has the function of saving the flood resource,but also can supply the habitat for endangered waterfowl.Therefore,a more fast and accurate approach to monitor the water area during the flooding should be explored to measure the water area and can provide the basic information for government to build the strategy of management.In this paper,Band 6 and Band 7 of Landsat-TM data in different date were used to construct an index for identifying the water area in the downstream of Huolin River,a large floodplain wetland.The applicability of the index and its threshold was examined and the result showed that they work very well in measuring the water area.This approach will be very beneficial for monitoring the water resource in wetland and give some technique support for the management and conservation of the waterfowl habitat.