酶催化地沟油生产的生物柴油的性能研究

以地沟油为原料，固定化假丝酵母脂肪酶为催化剂催化转酯化反应制备生物柴油。并对其组成及物理、化学性能进行了检测，研究了生物柴油燃烧时的排放特性和动力性，并进行了经济评价。实验结果表明，合成的生物柴油纯度达到了97.8%以上，精制后的产品闪点高于170℃，硫的质量分数低于0.0005%，十六烷值高达73.6，在0#柴油中添加了20%的生物柴油后，尾气排放中CO降低28%，未燃烧的HC降低了36%，NO_x降低了24%，全负荷烟度下降幅度达到0.2～0.9Rb，体现出了生物柴油优良的特性。

Performance of biodiesel made from ditch oil

Biodiesel has been produced from ditch oil by catalysis with immobilized lipase and its composition and performance tested. The purity of the product reached 97.8%. The Flash Point was above 170℃, the Sulfur Content was below 0.0005% and the maximum Cetane Number was 73.6. The emission characteristics, output power and fuel economy of a diesel engine were studied. A 20% biodiesel-diesel blend, gave reductions of 28% and 36% in exhaust carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons, respectively, compared with pure diesel. The amount of oxides of nitrogen decreased by 24%, while the smoke emission decreased by 0.2 to 0.9Rb depending on the operating conditions. The data confirm the high quality of the biodiesel produced.