基于水锁机理的瓦斯超限防治理论

为防治煤矿井下回采工作面瓦斯超限,受石油天然气开采领域中水锁损害研究的启示,提出利用水锁抑制含瓦斯煤的瓦斯释放的思想。基于水锁机理,确定了含瓦斯煤中形成水锁的条件及利用水锁防治回采工作面瓦斯超限的实施途径。结果表明,该思想具有理论可行性;含瓦斯煤的多裂隙和多孔隙性、近似干燥的环境,外液,孔隙内外之间的压力差小于毛细管阻力,分别为水锁的形成提供了自然条件、物质条件和压力条件;采前＂预抽＋抽后注液＂顺序作业、采前＂抽放＋注液＂平行作业、采前直接钻孔注液、落煤过程中喷淋外液四种方式可防治工作面瓦斯超限。该思想的提出,对推动回采工作面瓦斯灾害的防治研究具有一定的借鉴意义。

Theory on preventing and controlling gas exceeding limit based on water lock mechanism

Aimed at preventing and control gas from exceeding limit in breakage face,this paper proposes an approach to using water lock to restrain gas release in gas-coal,drawing on study of water lock damage in oil and natural gas exploitation field.The paper gives the conditions of water lock formation in gas-coal identified depending on the mechanism of water lock,and the steps of using water lock to prevent and control gas from exceeding limit in breakage face.The results show that the approach has theoretical feasibility;the more fractured and porous nature of gas-bearing coal and approximate dry conditions,outside liquid,pressure difference between the inside and outside of void less than capillary resistance,provides natural condition,physical condition and pressure conditions respectively for the formation of water lock;the four ways,such as gas drainage and liquid injection in sequence prior to mine,parallel gas drainage and injection prior to mine,drill and inject liquid prior to mine,spray liquid during coal mining,can prevent and control gas exceeding limit in breakage face.The approach has certain reference significance to promoting the study of gas disaster prevention and control in breakage face.