河道汇流演算方法对比分析与研究

分别采用分段马斯京根法、反映河道断面形状和水力特性的变动参数Muskingum-Cunge(MC)演算法和Muskingum-Cunge-Todini(MCT)可变参数法对沅水流域沅陵站—王家河站河段进行河道汇流演算,探讨了具有分布式参数的演算方法在实际河道的应用效果。结果表明,分段马斯京根法、MC演算法、MCT可变参数法均较好地模拟出洪水在河道的推移与坦化,模拟精度较高,且MC演算法和MCT可变参数法的确定性系数相对分段马斯京根法精度更高且更为稳定；MC演算法和MCT可变参数法对分段马斯京根法参数特性进行了较好的改进,并且MCT可变参数法解决了MC演算法蓄量和稳态不一致的问题。总体上看,3种方法对于洪水预报具有较强的适应性和可靠性,为实时洪水预报提供了新方法。

Comparative analysis and research of channel flow confluence routing methods

The segmental Muskingum method,the Muskingum-Cunge (MC) algorithm with variable parameters and the Muskingum-Cunge-Todini (MCT) variable parameter method which reflecting the shape and hydraulic characteristics of the river cross-section were respectively used to study channel flow confluence for the Yuanling station-Wangjiahe station section inYuanshui Basin. The application effect of the routing method with distributed parameters in real river channel is discussed. The results show that the segmental Muskingum method,MC algorithm and MCT variable parameter method can all simulate pushing and tampering of flood in the river channel with high simulation accuracy,and the deterministic coefficients of MC algorithm and MCT variable parameter method are more accurate and stable than segmental Muskingum method. The MC algorithm and MCT variable parameter method improve the parameter characteristics of segmental Muskingum method well,and the MCT variable parameter method solves the problem of the inconsistency between the storage capacity and the steady state of MC algorithm. On the whole,the three methods have strong adaptability and reliability for flood frocast,and provide a new method for real-time flood forecast.