低强度超声波在生物技术中应用的研究进展

低强度超声波在生物技术中的应用，是一个比较新的热点研究领域。超声波作用的物理机制主要包括机械传质作用、加热作用和空化作用。研究发现低强度超声波可以促进底物分子之间的相互作用，强化反应物进入及生成物离开酶活性中心的过程，提高酶的活性；改变细胞膜的透性，加强物质运输，促进有益物质的生成；提高整个细胞的新陈代谢效率；加速细胞生长；增加细胞膜的透性；有助于细胞对药物的吸收，因而可以将之应用于酶工程、发酵工程、细胞工程以及肿瘤的生物治疗中。文中就有关这方面的研究，在综述了国内外研究进展的基础上，提出了此领域今后的发展趋向。

Application of Low Intensity Ultrasound to Biotechnology

Application of low intensity ultrasonic waves to the biotechnology is one of new and hot research fields. The physical mechanisms of ultrasound mainly include the effects of mass transfer ,heating and cavitation. Many researchers found that low intensity ultrasonic waves could accelerate the interacton of substrate and help reactant to enter the active center of enzyme and production to leave center; it could also alter the permeability of membrane and enhance the transfer of mass, and so promote the production of beneficial matter and the absorption of drug to cells; in addition ,it could raise the efficiency of cell metabolism and the growth of cells; so low intensity ultrasonic waves can be used in enzyme engineering, fermentation engineering, cell engineering and biological therapeutics of Neoplasm. In this paper, we reviewed the application of low intensity ultrasound to biotechnology at home and abroad.