纳米纤维素丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯复合材料的特性

为了改善纳米纤维素晶须(CNC)在非亲水性树脂中应用时分散困难、热分解温度低、与基体相容性较差等缺点,将冷冻干燥的纳米纤维素在高聚物的有机溶液中预先包覆,然后与苯乙烯-丁二烯-丙烯腈树脂(ABS)、马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯在挤出机内熔融共混制成ABS/CNC复合材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析测试(TGA)、拉伸性能测试等手段对复合材料进行性能表征。SEM观察发现CNC是以层状纳米片的形式均匀地与ABS复合; 力学性能测试表明,接枝聚乙烯的加入有利于改进CNC与ABS的界面相容性,与纯ABS相比,添加0.7%CNC的复合材料其拉伸强度提高了15.6%,弹性模量提高了52%。TGA测试结果表明,CNC的热分解温度由211 ℃提高到263 ℃,大大改善了CNC在聚合物加工过程中的温度适应性。

Study on the properties of ABS composites reinforced with cellulose nanocrystal

To overcome the disadvantages of dispersion difficulty, thermal degradation and poor compatibility with matrix of cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)in the non-hydrophilic resin application, freeze-dried CNCs were first coated with polymer in organic solution, and then melt blended with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)and PE-g-MAH to prepare the composites. SEM images demonstrated that CNCs can disperse homogeneously in the ABS matrix in the form of nanosheet. Tensile tests revealed that grafted polyethylene was critical to increase the compatibility of CNC with the matrix, and the tensile strength and modulus increased by 15.6% and 52%, respectively, with a CNC content of 0.7%. TGA test indicated that the thermal decomposition temperature of CNC increased from 211 ℃ to 263 ℃, which improved the temperature adaptability of CNC in the process of polymer processing.