广西海岸潮上带草本植物种类与群落特征研究

【目的】通过对广西海岸潮上带草本植物进行调查,分析其种类组成和群落分类学特征,探讨影响群落分布的影响因子,旨在为广西海岸带草本植物的保护和生态恢复提供理论依据。【方法】以广西海岸潮上带草本植物为研究对象,通过实地调查、标本采集、种类鉴定等进行研究。【结果】根据133个样方调查结果显示,潮上带常见草本植物种类有93种,隶属25科70属。科的分布有3个分布型和1个亚型,属的分布有8个分布型和3个亚型。结合植物的生态类群、生活型和优势种的原则,把广西海岸潮上带草本植物划分为2个植被类型组、4个植被类型和28个群系。广西海岸潮上带草本植物主要群落类型受生态因子的影响较大。【结论】在广西海岸潮上带,含单种的科、属占优势,无特有属。草本植物区系地理成分较复杂,科和属的分布均表现出明显的热带性质。草丛湿地植被类型组占优势,群落主要以单优种群落为主。水分、土壤质地以及人工岸线、养殖塘、盐田、围垦造地等人为干扰是影响群落分布的主要生态因子。

Research on the Species and Community Characteristics of Herb Plants in the Supralittoral Zone along the Coast of Guangxi

[Objective] By investigating the herb plants in the supralittoral zone along on the coast of Guangxi, the species composition and the taxonomy of the community were analyzed, and the influencing factors affecting the distribution of the communities were explored, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and ecological restoration of herb plants in the supralittoral zone along the coast of Guangxi. [Methods] Taking the herb plants on the coast of Guangxi coast as the research object, field investigations, specimen collection, species identification were conducted. [Results] We collected 133 plot data and identified 93 common herb plants species that belonged to 70 genes and 25 families. There were 3 distribution types and 1 subtype in family level, 8 distribution types and 3 subtypes in genus level. In addition, distributions in herb plants between family and genus had tropical features obviously. Combined the rule among ecological group, life-form, dominant species of plant, we divided the herb plants into 2 vegetation type groups, 4 vegetation types and 28 formations in the supralittoral zone along the coast of Guangxi. The main community types of herb plants in the coastal areas of Guangxi were strongly influenced by ecological factors. [Conclusion] The flora was mainly dominated by single-families and single-genera without endemic species in the supralittoral zone along the coast of Guangxi. The geographical composition of the herb flora was more complex, and the distribution of families and genera all showed obvious tropical characteristics. Among them, herbosa wetland vegetation group dominated, and the community was dominated by mono-dominant community. Human disturbances such as water, soil texture, artificial coastline, culture ponds, salt fields, and land reclamation were the main ecological factors affecting community distribution.