冬季温度漂移下心率变异性对人体热舒适的影响

研究显示，环境温度的变化对人体心脏活动的影响显著，寒冷或极端温度会给人们带来心血管疾病。本文基于人体心率变异性指标，探讨了温度漂移热环境在室内热舒适方面的优势，并分析了人体主观热评价、皮肤温度与心率变异性之间的关系。本文设置16名受试者从初始稳定温度（24℃或18℃）经历半小时的温降漂移，最后再经历升温回到初始温度。实验收集了受试者的主观热评价与皮肤温度，并全程监测了其心电信号。通过频域分析法，得到了心率变异性的低频功率/高频功率比值（LF/HF）。结果表明：在冬季，适当的温度漂移可以改善受试者对相同温度热环境的热舒适评价；温度漂移对人体热舒适的影响可以通过LF/HF值表征出来；冬季温度漂移热环境下，人体的LF/HF值与平均皮肤温度、热感觉显著相关。

Effect of Heart Rate Variability on Human Thermal Comfort under Temperature Drift in Winter

It is shown that changes in ambient temperature have a significant impact on human heart activity. People can suffer from cardiovascular disease because of cold or extreme temperatures. Based on the human heart rate variability index, the advantages of temperature drift thermal environments in indoor thermal comfort were explored in the paper. The relationship between subjective thermal evaluation, skin temperature and heart rate variability in humans were also analyzed. 16 Subjects underwent a half-hour temperature drift from the initial stable temperatures (24°C or 18°C) in winter and finally warmed up back to the initial temperatures. Subjective thermal evaluations and skin temperatures were collected from the subjects and the ECG signals were monitored throughout the experiment. Meanwhile, the LF/HF values of heart rate variability were obtained by frequency domain analysis. The results show that the subjects'' thermal comfort evaluation to the same temperature thermal environment in winter can be improved by the appropriate temperature drift. The effect of temperature drift on human thermal comfort can be characterized by LF/HF values. The LF/HF values of humans are significantly correlated with the mean skin temperature and thermal sensation in the winter thermal environment with temperature drift.