X射线衍射及应用

1895年伦琴发现X射线.德国物理学家劳厄于1912年发现了X射线衍射现象,并导出了劳厄晶体衍射公式.紧接着,英国物理学家布拉格父子又将此衍射关系用简单的布拉格定律表示,使之易于接受.到本世纪四、五十年代,X射线衍射的原理、方法及在各方面的应用虽已建立,其应用范围已遍及物理、化学、地质学、生命科学,工程及材料科学等各个领域,在材料科学和工程方面的贡献尤为显著,本文扼要地叙述了X射线的原理、设备、方法及其应用.

The X-ray Diffraction and it's Application

Abstract Rontgen W. C. discovered x - ray in 1895, Laue M. V. , a German physicist, found the phenomena of the x - ray diffraction in 1912. And he concluded the laue's crystal diffraction formula. Following, the English physicists - Braggs' obtained a simpler equation - the Bragg's law to show the relation of diffraction and made it easier to be accepted.Till 1950's, although the theory , methods and applications in many areas of the x - ray diffraction had been founded , they have been advancing continuously at present. The ranges of its applications have already been extended to various fields , such as physics, chemistry , geological science, life sciences, engineering and materials science, etc. . It gives notable contribution in materials science and engineering. This paper simply introduces the theory, method, technique and application of the x - ray diffraction.