水稻的病程相关基因简

在几乎所有的植物中都有病程相关（pathogenesis-related，PR）基因的报道，其广泛存在及序列特征和功能的保守性提示着其重要性. 最初发现PR基因主要是由于它们在植物受到病原物侵染时会大量表达. 但近年来的研究表明，PR基因在衰老、伤害、非生物逆境胁迫、激素处理甚至正常生长发育过程中也发挥着作用. 由于PR基因种类、数目较多，前期的命名系统不统一，给深入了解PR基因的功能造成了不便. 本文系统整理了水稻PR基因的相关报道，集合了PR基因的类别、数目、名称、注释信息、代表性基因的功能，归纳了PR基因在抗病、抗逆和发育过程中的转录或表达特征及转PR基因后的表现，并以Loc号和序列为核心，将文献中有不同名称的同一基因进行了对应. 另外，还展望了水稻PR基因研究的意义和今后的重点研究方向，以供同行参考.

Pathogenesis-related genes in rice

Pathogenesis-related (PR) genes have been reported in almost every kind of plant. Their widespread distribution, sequence similarity and conserved functions support the view that PR genes play important roles. PR genes were originally identified in plants infected by a pathogen; however, a recent report revealed that the expression of PR genes may be elevated during aging, mechanical wounding, abiotic stress, hormone treatments and even under normal growth and development conditions. The inconsistent nomenclature and large numbers of PR genes make their functional investigation difficult. In this paper, we collected reports for rice PR genes, and listed the names, annotations, and functions of representative PR genes. We also summarized their expressions during disease resistance, abiotic stress and in transgenic PR plants. Importantly, we correlated the genes with different names in the literature on the basis of locus number and their amino acid sequences. In addition, we discussed the significance of PR genes from different perspectives.